有了网易云音乐，为什么还要去听现场音乐会？|双语精读（微信文章未删减版）

写在前面

上周带大家读完了考研英语一 2011 Text 1的一到三段，今天我们继续来学习第四、五段。如果新关注的同学还没有读过第一到三段的讲解，请点击评论杂志：古典音乐的衰落|双语精读阅读。

食用指南

在正式开始阅读前，我先教大家如何最大化的利用好这个专栏的内容。

如果你是今明两年内会参加考研的同学（而且还没有开始做真题），先不要阅读原文，直接阅读每个段落的”词汇讲解“部分，打好词汇基础。等到以后做完真题后，再打开本文，阅读语篇分析，查漏补缺。

如果你是已考上研究生或今明两年内不会参加考研的同学，可直接把这篇文章当做一篇普通的外刊文章来阅读。考研英语真题选自原汁原味的外刊，并且有一定难度，跟下来会对提高阅读理解能力大有裨益。

我们会从词、句、篇三个方面帮大家吃透考研阅读真题，采用各大外刊最鲜活的语料刺激大家的记忆。除此之外，还会从考研阅读真题里提炼写作地道表达和写作句型，手把手教大家从输入转为输出。

外刊原文

大家可以边听音频边阅读文章，听力基础比较好的同学可以先单独听音频，进行听力练习后，再阅读原文。

2011 Text 1

Selling Classical Music

Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance are missing the point. For the time, attention, and money of the art-loving public, classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses, dance troupes, theater companies, and museums, but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the 20th century. There recordings are cheap, available everywhere, and very often much higher in artistic quality than today’s live performances; moreover, they can be “consumed” at a time and place of the listener’s choosing. The widespread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in the institution of the traditional classical concert.

One possible response is for classical performers to program attractive new music that is not yet available on record. Gilbert’s own interest in new music has been widely noted: Alex Ross, a classical-music critic, has described him as a man who is capable of turning the Philharmonic into “a markedly different, more vibrant organization.” But what will be the nature of that difference? Merely expanding the orchestra’s repertoire will not be enough. If Gilbert and the Philharmonic are to succeed, they must first change the relationship between America’s oldest orchestra and the new audience it hops to attract.

精读讲解

2011 Text 1

Selling Classical Music

第四段作者首先驳斥音乐会观众的观点，紧接着阐述传统现场音乐会面临危机。

①Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance are missing the point. ②For the time, attention, and money of the art-loving public, classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses, dance troupes, theater companies, and museums, but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the 20th century. ③There recordings are cheap, available everywhere, and very often much higher in artistic quality than today’s live performances; moreover, they can be “consumed” at a time and place of the listener’s choosing. ④The widespread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in the institution of the traditional classical concert.

📒语篇分析：①句阐述音乐会观众(concertgoers)的观点，并予以驳斥(miss the point)。②句表明音乐会面临着激烈的竞争。③句说明录制音乐的种种优势。④句总结：录制音乐作品对现场音乐会造成了巨大的威胁。
①句的主干为：Devoted concertgoers (who reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance) are missing the point.
devoted [dɪˈvoʊtɪd] 为形容词，表示“热爱的，挚爱的，忠诚的” (zealous in devotion or affection)，比如They are devoted each other.他们深爱着彼此。
同源动词devote指 “致力于，奉献于”(give entirely to a special person or other task) ，惯用搭配为 devote oneself to sth ，比如我全身心投入到工作中：I devote myself to work.
短语 devote sth to sth还可指“把…用于…”，往往以被动形式出现：sth is devoted to sth，…被用于…，比如《经济学人》曾这样论述共享无人驾驶汽车的好处：As car ownership declines, the enormous amount of space devoted to parking will be available for parks and housing instead. 随着汽车拥有量的下降，停车所需的大量空间可以用来建造公园和住房。
concertgoer ['kɑnsərtˌɡoʊr] XX+goer指“常去…”的人，concertgoer即经常去音乐会的人。再比如经常看电影的人：moviegoer，经常去派对的人：party-goer，经常去教堂的人：churchgoer。
miss the point point指“问题的要点、重心”，miss the point就是指“搞错重点”。
A is no substitute for B 这是一个很形象的表达，substitute作名词，指“替代品”，也可指“替补队员，代课老师”，A is no substitute for B 意思是A根本不是B的替代品，言外之意是B是不可取代的，A根本比不上B。比如《经济学人》曾发文表示苹果很难创造出足以媲美iPhone的产品：Apple’s much-trailed announcement in March of new video-streaming, payments and other services shows it is trying. They may prove a hit, but would be no substitute for the iPhone.苹果公司在3月公布了此前大量预告的新视频流、支付和其他服务，表明它正在努力。这些服务也许会大获成功，但还不能取代iPhone。我们来造一个简单句“科技无法代替真正的老师”：Technology is no substute for a real teacher.
句型There is no substitute for A.表示“没有什么可以替代A"。比如There is no substitute for hard work.没有什么可以替代努力。再比如谈到在线教育的劣势，我们可以说Despite technologial advances in terms of the online classroom and platforms, there is no substitute for the learning experience that students receive in the physical classroom environment.尽管在线教育和平台的技术不断发展，但这些无法替代学生在实际课堂环境中获得的学习体验。
我们在精读社还学过另一个近义表达A is a poor substitute for B，字面义是“A是B一个糟糕的替代品”，意思是“A不如B”，比如“电子商务不如实体店”，这句话用英文可以说：E-commerce is a poor substitute for real shops. [写作推荐]
art-loving public art-loving由动词短语love art合成，指“热爱艺术的” art-loving public 指热爱艺术的群众。
moreover表示“递进”，我们在考研英语真题精读：报刊艺术评论的衰落|2010 Text 1讲过一系列表示“递进”的逻辑连接词：moreover, furthermore, what is more, additionally, besides, in addition带大家复习一下。
compete with sb指“与…竞争”，近义表达还有vie with sb, contend with sb for sth 与某人争夺某物。
troupe [truːp] 指“剧团, 艺术团体”(organization of performers and associated personnel) ，比◇a dance troupe舞蹈团。
live performances 义为“现场表演” 注意live发音为[laIv]。
bring about sth 义为“导致，引起”(to bring something about means to cause it to happen) ◇The economic reform brought about great change in the lives of the common people.经济改革在老百姓生活方面带来巨大的变化。我们在精读社还详解讲过一系列可以替换cause, lead to sth的地道表达，大家可以复习一下。

（经济学人精读社正在报名中，点击图片可了解课程详情）

我们可从这句话里提炼出句型：The widespread availability of sth has brought about sth. 某物的普及引起了某事的发生。比如4G的普及带来了直播行业的快速发展：◇The widespread availability of 4G has brought about the fast development of the live-streaming industry. 4G的普及带来了直播行业的快速发展。
institution [ˌɪnstɪ'tuʃən] 既可以指“机构”，比如universities and colleges可以称为higher/tertiary education institutions高等教育机构，大家可以在教育相关文章里进行同义替换。institution也可指“制度，体制” (a custom that for a long time has been an important feature of some group or society) 比如◇the institution of marriage 婚姻制度
✏️读完解析后，再回头阅读一遍原文，看是否能够快速、流畅的阅读，能不看中文译文就不看译文，习惯纯英文阅读。

那些回答说“录制的音乐并不能替代现场表演”的忠实的音乐会观众都抓错了重点。为了争夺艺术爱好者的时间、注意力和金钱，古典乐器的演奏者不仅要与歌剧院、舞蹈团、话剧团和博物馆竞争，还要与20世纪伟大的古典音乐家的音乐作品的录制光碟竞争。这些录制光碟价格便宜，随处可见，而且艺术品质往往比如今的现场表演要高得多；而且，听众可以选择“消费”这些音乐的时间和地点。因此，这种录音的广泛使用给传统古典音乐会制度带来了危机。

第五段首先驳斥音乐界的观点，接着阐述自己的观点：传统音乐会应该如何应对这场危机。

①One possible response is for classical performers to program attractive new music that is not yet available on record. ②Gilbert’s own interest in new music has been widely noted: Alex Ross, a classical-music critic, has described him as a man who is capable of turning the Philharmonic into “a markedly different, more vibrant organization.” ③But what will be the nature of that difference? ④Merely expanding the orchestra’s repertoire will not be enough. ⑤If Gilbert and the Philharmonic are to succeed, they must first change the relationship between America’s oldest orchestra and the new audience it hops to attract.

📒语篇分析：①句提出音乐界的解决措施。②句以Gilbert的态度为例支撑①句。③句以but转折，驳斥上述观点。④句过渡，承上启下。⑤提出作者自己的建议。
program 在这里作动词，指“安排...节目，表演...”。
be on record 在这里指“录制的” attractive new music that is not yet available on record意思是“还没有被录制的、吸引人的新音乐作品”。
be widely noted 我们都知道note有注意的意思，noted 被人注意的，即“著名的，知名的”，be widely noted 众所周知的，广为人知的，可与我们熟悉的be widely known替换。 [写作推荐]
be capable of doing sth指“有能力做某事”(having the qualities or ability needed to do something)，可替换 be able to do sth，be competent to do sth。反义词分别是incapable, unable, incompetent，大家可以打包一起记忆。[写作推荐]
markedly常与different搭配，be markedly different from sth 表示“与…显然不同”。

我们还可以用markedly描绘图表，比如 increase markedly显著上升。
关于marked还有一个高频词组be in marked contrast to sth指“与…形成鲜明对比”，比如Their attitudes towards love and marriage stand in marked contrast to those of their parents.他们对恋爱和婚姻的态度同他们父母形成鲜明的对比。[写作推荐]

vibrant ['vaɪbrən] 做形容词指“生机勃勃的，充满活力的”(full of life and energy)。
merely ['mɪrl]义为“只不过，仅仅”(nothing more)。我们可以从这句话提炼出一个句型，用于否定他人的方法：Merely doing sth is not enough. 仅仅做某事是不够的。
repertoire ['rɛpɚ'twɑr] 指“全部节目，全部内容”。
hop [hɑːp ] 本义是“跳跃，跳上跳下”(jump lightly) ，文中“it hops to attract”引申为“努力去吸引”。

对于古典音乐形式的演奏者来说，一种可能的应对方式是表演富有吸引力且尚未被录制成光碟的新音乐。而吉尔伯特对新音乐形式的兴趣已经众所周知；古典音乐评论家亚历克斯·罗斯将他形容为一个能够将爱乐乐团变得“大不相同，更生机勃勃”的人。但这种差异的本质是什么呢？仅仅增加乐队的表演曲目是不够的。吉尔伯特和爱乐乐团要想取得成功，就必须首先改变美国最古老的管弦乐队与其想要吸引的新观众之间的关系。

(The End)

复盘回顾

我们来一起回顾一下这篇文章出现的部分地道表达：

1.如何引出热门话题？
sth is the talk of ...

2.如何表达“某事令人吃惊”?
sth comes as a surprie.

3.如何表达“我觉得TA是一个怎么样的人”？
She/He strikes me as a (adj.) person.

She/He strikes me as (adj.).

4.如何表达“A比不上B”

A is no substitute for B.

5.如何表达“A与B形成鲜明的对比”？
A stands in marked contrast with B.

6.如何表达“有能力做某事”？
be able to do sth, be capable of doing sth, be competent to do sth