【经济学人】模范移民 | 2016.11.26 | 总第745期

• heritage 遗产，传统

• xenophobes 仇外

• unanimous 全体一致的，无异议的

Today Indian-born Americans number 2m and they are probably the most successful minority group in the country. Compared with all other big foreign-born groups, they are younger, richer and more likely to be married and supremely well educated. On the west coast they are a mighty force in Silicon Valley; well-off Indians cluster around New York, too. “The Other One Percent” is the first major study of how this transformation happened. Filled with crunchy analysis, it exudes authority on a hugely neglected subject.

今天印度籍美国人的人数有2百万，他们可能是这个国家最成功的少数群体。比起所有其他大的外籍群体，他们更年轻，富有，更可能已婚且受过良好的教育。在西海岸他们是硅谷的强大的生力军。富有的印度人也聚集在纽约。“另外的百分之一”首次研究了这种转变发生的原因。整本书站在肯定的角度对这个被忽视的话题进行了专业的分析。

• well-off 富裕的

• transformation 转化，转换，改革

美国西海岸

India’s diaspora is vast, with 20m-30m people spread across the world from the Caribbean to Kenya. In colonial times many moved as labourers after Britain abolished slavery in 1833, to build the east African railway, for example. In the 1970s a second wave of workers went to the Gulf during the oil boom . Perhaps the least well known flow of Indians abroad is the one to America. It picked up after 1965, when American immigration rules were relaxed, and surged after 1990. Three-quarters of the Indian-born population in America today arrived in the last 25 years.

印度的移民人口是相当巨大的，2000-3000万印度人分散到了世界各地，从加勒比到肯尼亚都有他们的身影。自从1833年英国废除了奴隶制后，英殖民时期的印度人以工人身份移民到了国外，比如有的去修筑东非的铁路。在20世纪70年，第二波印度工人在石油繁荣期去了墨西哥湾。也许外界所听甚少的便是去美国的印度移民。这一波始于美国移民政策放宽的1965年，并在1990年达到了高潮。现在四分之三的印裔美国人都是在过去的25年间来到美国的。

• Diaspora n.(u) 移民社群

• Abolish vt. 消灭，撤销

• Oil boom n.(u) 石油繁盛期(1970-1980)

• Surge vi. 汹涌，起大浪

Like all immigrant groups, Indians have found niches in America’s vast economy. Half of all motels are owned by Indians, mainly Gujaratis . Punjabis dominate the franchises for 7-Eleven stores and Subway sandwiches in Los Angeles. The surge in Indians moving to America is also intimately linked to the rise of the technology industry. In the 1980s India loosened its rules on private colleges, leading to a large expansion in the pool of engineering and science graduates. Fear of the “ Y2K