Nature：好导师的16个标准

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Respect： 尊重学生的人格和智力

“玛丽对待她的合作伙伴，无论他们是在攻读博士还是教授，都同样尊重。在这样做的过程中，她激发了对她的合作者的信心。”

"Mary treats her colleagues,regardless of whether they are doing a PhD or if they are a fellow Professor,with the same high regard. In doing so, she inspires confidence in hercollaborators."

一般而言，被吐槽的导师都是这一点做得差，把学生当做干活机器 。

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Be generous： 无私的分享精神

“Mark无私的分享自己的想法和赞赏他人的成功方面也是一种鼓励，不仅仅是对我自己，也是对新一代的年轻科学家。”

“Sally做了，并且仍然这样做是为了让他们能够利用自己的想法来发展，甚至完全自我创作，并允许他们在重要论文上担任主要作者，即使她可以让自己成为争取。”

"Mark's magnanimity in sharing hisown ideas and delight in seeing others succeed has also been an inspiration,not just for myself but for a whole generation of younger scientists."

"Sally did and still does this by allowing them to run with ideas that shehelped to develop or even produced herself entirely and by allowing them, totake on senior authorship on important papers even though she could claim itfor herself."

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Individual difference： 尊重个体差异

每个学生想要追求的人生目标是不同的，每个学生也都有自己的私人生活。

“ 导师需要有能力与实验室的每个成员建立独特的关系 。Francis 拥有这个个性，他能看到每个人的优势和天赋，然后设计项目以适应这些优势。她知道不是每个人都用同样的方式工作或者想要同样的东西，这个能力让她从每个人那里得到最好的结果。”

“ 并不是每个人都想成为研究员，有些人的能力更适合其他职业。 鼓励年轻人接受他们可能不适合他们或者有压力或不感兴趣的工作是没有意义的。所以我认为有时需要鼓励他们进入其他方向。”

这段话让我非常感动——我觉得这种 对个人意志与自由选择的无私尊重，简直是一种伟大的人性的光辉。 正如原文[2]指出“除了在实验室里所做的事情，他们还有更多的生活。他们需要自由地“嗅闻玫瑰”，正如一位老师所说的那样。如果事情发生变化并且出现问题，我们要试着理解原因。如果个人生活变得艰难，那就给他们时间和空间。好导师会让自己意识到这一点。我们经常这么忙，我们没有注意到。所以，一位优秀的主管/导师会理解这些差异，并不会尝试在圆孔中安装方形钉。他们知道什么时候退缩，让人们做出自己的决定，也知道何时进来并提供帮助和表达同情。”

"A mentor needs the ability tocreate a unique relationship with each member of the lab. Francis possessesthis attribute and sees the strengths and skills of each individual and thendesigns projects to suit these strengths. Her ability to understand that noteveryone works in the same way or wants the same things from their livesenables her to produce the best results from people."

"Not everybody wants to be aleading researcher and some have skills that better suit them to otheroccupations. There is little point in encouraging young people to take on acareer to which they may be unsuited or which they will find stressful oruninteresting. So I believe it is necessary sometimes to encourage them intoother directions ."

there is more to life that what theydo in the lab. They need freedom to "smell the roses" as one menteeput it. If things change and appear to be going wrong we need to try andunderstand why. If personal life is becoming tough, then give them time andspace. Good mentors make themselves aware of this. Again we are often so busywe don't notice. 所以，A good supervisor/mentorappreciates these differences and does not try and fit square pegs in round holes.They know when to back off and let people make their own decisions and when tocome in and offer support and sympathy.

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For Life： 一日为师，终身为父

“Hassan 给他的学生持续不断的提供帮助 ：所以，在我和他一起完成博士学位二十年之后，当我有一个棘手的问题需要讨论或者急需一个建议时，他仍然是我的第一个想要寻求帮助的，他从来没有让我失望过。”

“同意知道一个博士生需要做出的承诺不仅仅是对一系列实验的日常概述，或者是开发一种新的物理数学理论的分析程序。它 包括与学生建立融洽关系，并可能持续一生。 ”

"Hassan takes a continuing interestin his students: so, twenty years after I completed my PhD with him, he isstill my first port of call when I have a thorny issue to discuss, or urgentlyrequire a reference - and he has never let me down."

"Agreeing to supervise a PhDstudent entails making a commitment to much more than the day-to-day overviewof a series of experiments, or the development of a programme of analysis thatleads to new physical-mathematical theory. It involves forging rapport with thestudent that potentially lasts a lifetime."

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Actively research： 经常亲临一线的研究工作

站在一线领导，自己也要参与一线研究。 穿上白大褂而不是只坐在办公桌前。

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