正文
, which typically cause skin cancers and sunburns.
紫外线有两种形式:
UVA射线
,通常会导致皮肤过早老化,即光老化;
UVB射线
,通常会导致皮肤癌和晒伤。
☞
SPF=Sun Protection Factor
,指的是
防晒系数
。
SPF, short for sun protection factor, is a measurement of protection against UVB rays without factoring in UVA radiation.
SPF是防晒系数的缩写,是指针对UVB的防晒时间倍数,而不考虑UVA辐射。
想必大家都听过
SPF15、SPF30
这类词,但你真正理解它的含义吗?
简单来说,
SPF值越高,表明防晒时间越持久
。
防晒指数的数值适用于每一个人,其计算方法是:
假设紫外线的强度不会因时间改变,一个没有任何防晒措施的人如果待在阳光下20分钟后皮肤会变红,当他采用SPF15的防晒品时,就可
延长15倍
的时间,也就是在300分钟后皮肤才会被晒红。
考量SPF值的另一个标准是其
阻挡UVB射线的百分比
(a percentage of UVB rays blocked)
。
An SPF of 15 blocks about 93% of UVB radiation, while an SPF of 30 blocks around 97%.
SPF为15的防晒霜能阻挡约93%的UVB辐射,而SPF为30则能阻挡约97%。
另外,现在很多防晒霜上还有一个
PA值
,这又是什么呢?
PA means Protection Grade of UVA rays.
PA指的是防止UVA的有效程度指标。
这是日本化妆品工业联合会在1996年公布的“UVA防止效果测定法标准”,在日系商品中被广泛采用,防御效果被区分为PA+、PA++、PA+++、PA++++几个等级。
Protective grade of sunscreen is often leveled as PA+, PA++, PA+++ with the more plus sign the more protection from UVA rays.
PA指数中,防晒等级通常分为PA+、PA++、PA+++,后面的+号越多,表明抵御UVA射线的能力越强。
不过专家也表示,PA系数高的产品往往含有大量物理或化学防晒剂,对皮肤的刺激较大一些,容易堵塞毛孔,甚至滋生暗疮和粉刺,要谨慎选用哦。
选择防晒霜最重要的一点就是选择合适的防晒系数。
❶
Use a sunscreen that is SPF 15 or higher daily.
When going in and out of the sun on a daily basis, for instance going to and from work, your skin gets exposed to a lot of ultraviolet (UV) rays. Using a sunscreen with an SPF of at least 15 every day will help protect you from this type of quick, daily exposure.
当你每天进出有日照的环境,例如上下班时,你的皮肤会暴露在大量的紫外线下。每天使用防晒系数至少为15的防晒霜可以帮助你抵御这种快速的日常紫外线照射。
❷
Buy a sunscreen with a SPF of 30 or higher for extended stays outdoors.
如需长时间呆在户外,购买防晒系数为30或更高的防晒霜。
If you plan on spending time outdoors, such as going to the beach or playing a sports game outside, it's important to give your skin more protection. Pick a sunscreen that has a SPF between 30 and 70.