正文
空气污染
住在高速公路附近或是人口密集的城市里，会使中老年女性患痴呆的风险增加。
最近发表在《转化神经病学》（
Translational Psychiatry
）上的一篇报告指出，细颗粒物中含有的可吸入小颗粒，使女性患痴呆的风险增长了92%，这是与空气质量较好地区相比后得出的数据。除此以外，含有APOE4基因（一种与患阿尔茨海默病的风险有关的遗传性变异基因）的女性，在暴露于高浓度的空气污染时，更容易患上痴呆。（点击查看科研圈往期报道《
Science：“空气污染或致痴呆”的科学研究综述
》）
原文链接：
http://www.medicaldaily.com/sleeping-too-long-early-sign-dementia-3-surprising-things-linked-poor-brain-412304
论文信息
【题目】Prolonged sleep duration as a marker of early neurodegeneration predicting incident dementia
【作者】Andrew J. Westwood, Alexa Beiser, Nikita Jain, Jayandra J. Himali, Charles DeCarli, Sanford H. Auerbach, Matthew P. Pase, and Sudha Seshadri
【期刊】
Neurology
【DOI】10.1212/WNL.0000000000003732
【摘要】
Objective: To evaluate the association between sleep duration and the risk of incident dementia and brain aging.
Methods: Self-reported total hours of sleep were examined in the Framingham Heart Study (n = 2,457, mean age 72 ± 6 years, 57% women) as a 3-level variable: <6 hours (short), 6–9 hours (reference), and >9 hours (long), and was related to the risk of incident dementia over 10 years, and cross-sectionally to total cerebral brain volume (TCBV) and cognitive performance.
Results: We observed 234 cases of all-cause dementia over 10 years of follow-up. In multivariable analyses, prolonged sleep duration was associated with an increased risk of incident dementia (hazard ratio [HR] 2.01; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.24–3.26). These findings were driven by persons with baseline mild cognitive impairment (HR 2.83; 95% CI 1.06–7.55) and persons without a high school degree (HR 6.05; 95% CI 3.00–12.18). Transitioning to sleeping >9 hours over a mean period of 13 years before baseline was associated with an increased risk of all-cause dementia (HR 2.43; 95% CI 1.44–4.11) and clinical Alzheimer disease (HR 2.20; 95% CI 1.17–4.13). Relative to sleeping 6–9 hours, long sleep duration was also associated cross-sectionally with smaller TCBV (β ± SE, −1.08 ± 0.41 mean units of TCBV difference) and poorer executive function (β ± SE, −0.41 ± 0.13 SD units of Trail Making Test B minus A score difference).
Conclusions: Prolonged sleep duration may be a marker of early neurodegeneration and hence a useful clinical tool to identify those at a higher risk of progressing to clinical dementia within 10 years.
【论文地址】
http://www.neurology.org/content/early/2017/02/22/WNL.0000000000003732
阅读更多
