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为什么说漂亮的句子往往是从改写开始的?

英文悦读  · 公众号  · 英语  · 2016-10-23 21:19

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(1) When they arrived at the police station, they were taken to an interview room.


(2) I'll call you when I arrive.


可以改写成:


(1) On arrival at the police station, they were taken to an interview room.


(2) I'll call you upon arrival.


这里使用on 以及 upon 介词来代替 when 从句,类似的道理,可以灵活使用 in, at, during 等其他介词来代替从句,起到事半功倍的效果。


(c)省略关系代词


除了 there be 句型之外,定语从句在考场作文中的使用频率也非常高。但从简洁性的角度考虑,绝大多数的定语从句同样可以精简。举个例子:


From childhood, he had an instinct that made him excited and interested in all things which were electronic.


可以改写成:


From childhood, he had an instinctive feel for all things electronic.


这里将关系代词 which 以及 that 省略,并且原句中 made him excited and interested in 语义重复,可以使用 instinctive feel 来代替。


又比如下面这个例子:


An Ideal Husband is a film adaptation of Oscar Wilde's play that tells the story of a popular politician who was involved in a scandal that led to his downfall.


句子可以改写成:


An Ideal Husband is a film adaptation of Oscar Wilde's play that tells the story of a popular politician brought down by a scandal.


这里将关系代词 who 以及 that 省略,句子的意思不变,但显得更加简洁。在作文修改中,可以尝试着将不必要的关系代词删除,或者将其转换为分词结构或名词词组,以达到精简的效果。


2.词性转换


英语中有一部分单词具有多重词性,巧妙利用词性转换,可以写出简洁的句子。举个例子,要表达“他在上海度假”,我们可能会写 He goes on holiday in Shanghai.


但其实还可以写成 He holidays in Shanghai. 这里将 holiday 作为动词使用,含义是“在……度假”。


又比如:


(1) Arthur Ashe is the captain of the U.S. team.


(2) Mr Cunningham, who teaches creative writing at Yale University, is extremely funny and psychologically observant, but he does not believe in happy endings.


上面句子可以改写为:


(1) Arthur Ashe captains the U.S. team.


(2) Mr Cunningham, who teaches creative writing at Yale University, is extremely funny and psychologically observant, but he is no believer in happy endings.


第一个句子使用 captain 的动词义“率领”,人物形象更为有力。第二个句子使用 believe 的名词形式 believer,这样语气更为强烈。







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